(Reuters) – Germany’s energy regulator announced Tuesday that the certification process for Nord Stream 2 was being suspended. To obtain a license, the Swiss-based group must create a German corporation under German law.

Below are some important events (in chronological sequence) that have influenced Nord Stream 2’s evolution.

2011

November: Gazprom and Western Partners look at expanding Nord Stream’s pipeline network by 55 billion cubic meters. The initial cost is 9.5 billion Euros ($11.3 Billion).

2015

June: Gazprom (LON;), Royal Dutch Shell, OMV Wintershall, Engie and E.ON agree to build the pipeline.

2016

March: Eight EU countries object to the resolution on geopolitical grounds.

2017-04-26: The signing of Financing Agreements.

2018

January: Germany gives permits for construction or operation.

2019

January: U.S. Ambassador in Germany, John McCabe warns companies that were involved with NS 2 might face sanctions.

December: Allseas, a Swiss-Dutch firm suspends pipe-laying

Donald Trump sign a bill relating to defense that also includes sanctions.

2020

May: Germany’s Energy Regulator declines to allow operators to waive EU Gas Directives, and an EU Court also rejects a challenge.

September 3rd: Berlin is under pressure to stop supporting the nerve agent attack against Alexei Navalny, Kremlin critic. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-politics-navalny-germany-nord-idUSKBN25U0UF

Sept. 23: The world’s largest group of shipping insurers https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-usa-energy-insurance-idUSKCN26E1EM says it will not insure vessels involved in NS 2.

October 1, Denmark grants NS 2 the permission to operate within Danish waters.

Dec. 3: The United States https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-defense-congress-nord-stream-idUSKBN28E31I unveils a bill targeting companies and individuals helping NS 2.

Dec. 28: NS 2 says it has completed the 2.6 km section in German waters https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/nord-stream-2-gas-pipeline-says-has-completed-section-german-waters-2020-12-28.

2021

Jan 20: Trump on his last full day in office imposes sanctions https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-nordstream-sanctions-idAFL1N2JU1FQ on Russian pipe-laying ship Fortuna.

German environmental groups file complaints with maritime regulator BSH https://www.reuters.com/article/germany-nordstream-idAFL8N2JW3EY, effectively preventing further work in Germany.

Jan. 21, 2017: In response to Navalny’s arrest in Russia, the European Parliament passes a resolution calling to halt NS 2 completion.

Jan. 24: Fortuna resumes work in Danish waters https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-nordstream2-gas-vessel-idUSKBN29T0N6.

April 22: The U.S. Senate https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-senate-panel-advances-bill-aid-ukraine-pressure-nord-stream-2-2021-04-21 Foreign Relations Committee advances a bill to pressure companies helping to build NS 2.

May 19: The U.S. State Department waives sanctions https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/us-waive-sanctions-firm-ceo-behind-russias-nord-stream-2-pipeline-source-2021-05-19 around participants of Nord Stream 2, saying it was in the U.S. national interest.

June 4, 2018: Russian President Vladimir Putin declares that Russia is done laying the first section of the pipeline to Germany.

June 7: U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken says completion of Nord Stream 2 is a “fait accompli”, https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-diplomacy-nord-stream-2-idAFL2N2NP1P4 defending the U.S. decision to waive some sanctions and vowing a response if Moscow tries to use gas as a weapon.

Nord Stream 2 announces that the project will begin preparations for filling the first pipeline with natural gas within a matter of months.

July 22: The United States and Germany announce an agreement https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-germany-nord-stream-2-idAFL1N2OX1W6 on NS 2 under which Berlin also pledged to respond to any attempt by Russia to use energy as a weapon against Ukraine and other Central and Eastern European countries.

July 28, 2009: The pipeline operator claims that NS 2 has 99% completion.

Aug 20: The Biden administration https://www.reuters.com/world/us-issues-nord-stream-2-related-sanctions-russians-blinken-2021-08-20 imposes sanctions on a Russian ship and two companies involved in the pipeline.

Putin claims that there is still 15km (9 miles) to go before NS 2 can be completed.

Aug 25: Duesseldorf https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/german-court-dismisses-challenge-nord-stream-2-pipeline-consortium-2021-08-25 Higher Regional Court rules that Nord Stream 2 is not exempt from European Union rules that require the owners of pipelines to be different from the suppliers of the gas that flows in them to ensure fair competition.

Sept 6. The Fortuna, an Russian pipelayer vessel, welds in the pipe’s final section.

Sept. 10: Gazprom has announced that the pipeline construction from Russia and Germany is completed.

September 13, 2009: Germany’s energy regulator announced that the Nord Stream 2 certification process would be complete in four months.

October 4, 2012: Nord Stream 2 began filling its second pipeline with natural gas to test the system, according to the operator.

Oct 5, 2018: Nord Stream 2 announced that it had appealed a judge’s decision, which confirmed that the pipeline would not be exempted by EU rules that stipulate that owners of pipelines must be distinct from gas suppliers.

Oct 6: An adviser https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/eu-court-adviser-says-nord-stream-2-can-challenge-eu-rules-2021-10-06 to the EU’s top court said Gazprom’s Swiss unit could challenge an EU gas rule that requires gas producers to be separate companies from those that control the pipeline.

Oct 18, 2018: NS 2 reported that the first line of the project had been filled by “technical gases”, which is preliminary gas flow to enable full-scale operations.

Oct 21, 2018: Russia’s President Vladimir Putin stated that Russia can start supplying natural gas to Europe through the NS 2 pipeline once it receives the approval from Germany.

Nov 15, 2010: Germany’s energy regulator has informed Ukrainian gas companies Naftogaz, and GTSOU that they will be included in ongoing German certification processes.

November 16th: Germany’s energy regulator suspended certification for NS 2.