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Here’s what’s new with 401(k) plans this year

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Contribution limit changes

You may have to adjust the maximum amount that you can put into your 401(k). You can contribute up to $20,000. This is an increase of $1,000 over 2021. A “catch up” contribution of $6,500 is available to the over-50 crowd, bringing it total to $27,000. These limitations do not include employer contributions.

But, IRS has a limit on the total contributions of employees and employers. That limit for 2022 is $61,000 and $67.500 for 50-year-old participants, which reflect the catch up amount.

There is an $14,000 contribution cap for simple 401(k), which may be offered by small businesses. There is a catch-up of $3,000. Solo 401(k) plans — used by the self-employed with no employees except perhaps a spouse — come with the same contribution limits as traditional 401(k) plans.

An estimation of guaranteed income

In the months ahead, your statements will show illustrations showing how much lifetime guaranteed income you might get if you annuitize your account. The Secure Act included this mandate to 401(k), and other workplace plans.

Jason Berkowitz (chief legal and regulatory affairs officer at the Insured Retirement Institute) stated that “the point is… to help participants determine whether they are on track to achieve their retirement goals.”

“So, you take that [balance]Berkowitz explained that this could be used to create an income stream in retirement.

It’s important to let participants know whether they are in a good place to reach their retirement goals.

Jason Berkowitz

Chief legal and regulatory affairs officer at the Insured Retirement Institute

Under an interim rule issued by the U.S. Department of Labor that’s now in effect — a final rule is expected relatively soon and it could be different — two illustrations would be provided at least once a year. The first would be an estimate of monthly income for a single-life annuity, which is monthly payments until the owner passes away; the second one would include income from a joint life annuity that includes benefits for the spouse who survives.

The monthly amounts shown would be based on a worker’s current account balance and assume the payments were to start immediately — and as if the person were age 67, or their actual age, if older.

However, for someone who is say 35 years of age, the contribution period will continue to grow. This illustration doesn’t show. It has been suggested that the numbers savedrs may see as deflating could occur if their savings are based on their past accumulations.

House Ways and Means Chairman Richard Neal, D-Mass., sent a letter to the Labor Department in late 2020 in response to the interim rule, asking that there be additional assumptions — i.e., investment returns — included in the information provided to 401(k) participants.

The final rule may not include this recommendation.

Craig Copeland is a Senior Research Associate at the Employee Benefits Research Institute. He stated that “pretty much everybody agrees it’s valuable information, but it’s how you present it that’s the problem.”

Your plan may include annuities

Although companies have been permitted to include annuities in their 401(k) plans, the Secure Act aimed to eliminate companies’ fear of legal liability if the annuity provider were to fail or otherwise not meet its obligations.

Employers, insurers, and asset managers are now moving to make these guaranteed lifetime income options easier accessible through 401 (k) plans, and other similar workplace plans.

But plan sponsors have not been quick to adopt the plans. The problem lies in workers’ ignorance of annuities and aversion towards the idea that they can transfer their retirement savings into one lump sum.

Copeland explained that “but people also claim they are interested to a guaranteed source income in retirement.” That makes it difficult.

Annuities are contracts where you give your money and promise to receive periodic payments for many years. Annuities are not easy to understand, and may be more expensive than other ways of investing your money.

As a general rule, however, annuities purchased in your 401k may not look the same as those bought outside of it. 

For instance, at BlackRockIn target-date funds you will find a guarantee income option. As you get closer to retirement, they gradually transition away from stocks towards safer investments such bonds.

Part of this steady shift in investments is BlackRock’s fundsWhen you turn 55, annuity contracts will be allotted 10%. By the age of 65, that share will rise to 30%.

Any time between age 59½ and age 72, you would have the option to roll over that portion into a fixed annuity offered by BlackRock’s insurance partners. A fixed annuity generally guarantees a minimum rate of return for your principal.

It’s worth noting that although BlackRock’s offering will eliminate the middleman — and thus commissions or other sales charges — it doesn’t mean all annuity options in 401(k) plans will operate the same way. There were no restrictions in the Secure Act on the type of annuities that can be offered to a plan.

According to the Insured Research Institute, 9 out of 10 workers desire sources of income for retirement that are not Social Security.

Berkowitz stated that despite the slow adoption, some companies will likely include annuities as part of their plans in 2022, despite this.

He said, “I believe it will be an ongoing process.” I believe we will see adoption in this year, and the next years.

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